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| Gov. Bobby Jindal (Credit: AP/Carolyn Kaster) |
Gov. Jindal has reshaped Louisiana's public education system based on ALEC's blueprints
By Julianne Hing, Colorlines.com
Gov. Bobby Jindal has remade the Louisiana public schools system
with impressive speed over the past legislative session. Last week, he signed into law a suite of landmark reform bills that will likely change
the direction of public education in Louisiana forever. But not all
change is good, and critics say both Jindal’s agenda and the strategy to
move it come right from the playbook of conservative advocacy group
ALEC, in an effort to revive Jindal’s national political profile.
Louisiana
is now home to the nation’s most expansive school voucher program.
Charter school authorization powers have been broadened. And teacher
tenure policies have been radically transformed. Louisiana already had
something of a reputation as a radical-reform state, thanks to the
post-Katrina educational climate in New Orleans. But not all change is
good, and education advocates have deep concerns about the efficacy of
Jindal’s overhaul, and the interests that have pushed it.
“With these laws Gov. Bobby Jindal has sold our kids out for his
political aspirations,” said Karran Royal Harper, a Louisiana parent
activist and education advocate.
The bills all
sprinted
through the state legislature. Committee hearings were conducted at a
breakneck speed, Democratic lawmakers complained, and members were asked
to vote on amendments they didn’t actually understand. When the House
took up a bill changing teacher-tenure rules, it ran the session
past midnight, refusing to break until they called for a vote.
“There’s just so much more here than what our group can handle,” said
Minh Nguyen, executive director of the Vietnamese American Young
Leaders Association of New Orleans, a community advocacy group. “We
don’t even have the capacity to handle all the bills that are being
proposed right now and it’s been really challenging to us.”
ALEC’s 2010 “Report Card on American Education” (
PDF)
suggested that lawmakers overwhelm their opposition in exactly this
manner. “Do not simply just introduce one reform in the
legislature—build a consensus for reform and introduce a lot,” the
report authors told ALEC members.
“Across the country for the past two decades, education reform
efforts have popped up in legislatures at different times in different
places,” the report authors wrote. “As a result, teachers’ unions have
been playing something akin to ‘whack-a- mole’—you know the
game—striking down as many education reform efforts as possible. Many
times, the unions successfully ‘whack’ the ‘mole,’ i.e., the reform
legislation. Sometimes, however, they miss. If all the moles pop up at
once, there is no way the person with the mallet can get them all.
Introduce comprehensive reform packages.”
One new law Jindal moved in this fashion will make Louisiana among
the most aggressive states in the nation for pushing charter schools and
publicly funded vouchers for private institutions. It also includes
a “parent trigger” provision,
where parents whose children are enrolled in a failing school can hand
the school over to Louisiana’s Recovery School District if a majority
choose to do so.
However, the key provision expands New Orleans’ current
pilot voucher program so that now, students from high-poverty families
enrolled in schools that have been rated a C, D or F by the state may
move to a private school at the state’s expense.
More than half of Louisiana’s student population, or around 385,000
students, are expected to qualify for the voucher program, according to
Tulane University’s Cowen Institute. Only 4,000 vouchers will be
available in the first year, experts estimate, but the law makes
Louisiana’s program the most expansive in the nation.
Jindal’s set of reforms hews closely to the model reform legislation
set out by ALEC, which advocates for the privatization of traditionally
public services, like health care, prisons and education. ALEC and
Jindal’s school agenda is driven by a conservative ideology that
believes private markets can help introduce efficiency and healthy
competition into public institutions. As ALEC’s education report card in
2010 laid out, “Families need a market for K-12 schools. The market
mechanism rewards success, and either improves or eliminates failure.”
ALEC and Jindal have kept close ties for some time now, education watchers in the state say.
“This is really ALEC at work. It’s a feather in Gov. Bobby Jindal’s
cap—he has spent a lot of time traveling around the country lining up
donor money and now he can say Louisiana is one of the few states that
has a large choice environment,” said Harper, who pointed out that many
of the key committee members who supported the legislation are ALEC
members or have received campaign contributions from groups with ties to
ALEC. Indeed, at its annual meeting last August, ALEC recognized Jindal
with its coveted Thomas Jefferson Freedom Award for “outstanding public
service.”
“It was a huge defeat for us,” said Damekia Morgan, the statewide
educational policy and campaign director of Families and Friends of
Louisiana’s Incarcerated Children.
Public “Accountability,” Private Free-for-All
Critics say the rushed process hampered conversation on the bills.
The voucher bill in particular is still light on specifics about
implementation. The state has yet to create a plan for evaluating the
private schools that take public vouchers. Evaluation wasn’t even
mentioned until a vague amendment that calls for “an accountability
system for participating students at participating schools” to be
hammered out by the state board of education by Aug. 1.
The lack of an accountability plan is telling, says Morgan. The
standards that are devised don’t need to come again before the public
before they are codified. “This is all supposedly about demanding
accountability for public schools and here we’re handing off our
students to private schools without any checks,” Harper also said.
In addition, the parent trigger provisions are also too vague,
education advocates say. In California, the lack of specificity around
that state’s parent trigger law led to protracted court battles when a
community first made use of the law.
These sorts of bills have an
undeniable appeal for parents,
especially poor parents of color who’ve been locked out of decision
making circles and feel like their concerns have often gone ignored by
public school administrators. Yet education advocates say that these
bills provide only the veneer of choice for parents, while removing
parents’ avenues for demanding accountability via collective action.
The parent trigger portion of the new Louisiana laws, for instance,
allows for public schools to be converted only to charter schools. The
laws give parents no avenue for re-triggering a failing charter school,
of which there are many. And while lawmakers hope that parents feel
empowered by school vouchers, their options for where they can place
their children will be limited to the private school options on the
table.
“Clearly these options are not full choice for parents,” said Andre
Perry, associate director of Loyola University’s New Orleans’ Institute
for Quality and Equity in Education. Perry said his concern was that
these reforms, while bold, don’t get to the heart of how educational
inequity is created in the first place. Instead, what lawmakers are
voting for, Perry said, “is a belief in a philosophy that’s being
applied in the name of choice.”
“It’s a catch-22 for parents,” said Damekia Morgan, the statewide
educational policy and campaign director of Families and Friends of
Louisiana’s Incarcerated Children. “Parents are desperate for change.
But as a parent myself, I know that the more money we take away from
public education systems to go to private entities, the less control I
have over what public education looks like.”
Hijacking Obama’s Agenda
These days, the push to deregulate public education is a popular,
bipartisan issue. Many of the states that have passed school reform
overhauls in recent years did so to become eligible for the Obama
administration’s $4.3 billion competitive grants program Race to the
Top.
“Republican governors, shrewdly, jumped all over it and packed on
their version of choice,” Perry said. “That’s how you see what we have
now, where many different political bedfellows are coming together in a
strange way.”
Indeed, Jindal spoke the language of the Obama administration last
Wednesday when he touted his reform package as a way to help Louisiana
children better compete in the global economy.
“[Louisiana children] are going to be competing with kids not only
from Texas, Georgia, and other states, but they’re going to be competing
for jobs with kids in China and other countries around the world,”
Jindal said. “That is why it is so important we give every child in
Louisiana a great education.” It could have been a line out of one of
President Obama’s
own education speeches.
This is one of the reasons why Perry says the presence of ALEC in the
school reform policy arena isn’t reason enough for an outcry. Not only
is ALEC not the only conservative group pushing for a free market
approach to public education, but “there are pillars of each party that
push the agenda.”
“The question is more about: what is so compelling about their
arguments that is helping advance their agendas? Again, Jindal has been
able to usher this through partly because the traditionally based system
has failed in many ways. And that’s just the reality.”